Comprehensive Nursing Care Plan for Diabetes

 **Comprehensive Nursing Care Plan for Diabetes**

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**Patient Information:**  

- **Name:** [Patient’s Name]  

- **Age:** [Patient’s Age]  

- **Gender:** [Patient’s Gender]  

- **Diagnosis:** Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1/Type 2)  

- **Date:** [Date]  

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### **Assessment**

**Subjective Data:**  

- Patient reports increased thirst and frequent urination.  

- Complains of fatigue and blurred vision.  

- Reports difficulty managing blood glucose levels.

**Objective Data:**  

- **Blood glucose level:** [e.g., 220 mg/dL]  

- **HbA1c:** [e.g., 8.5%]  

- Presence of wounds that heal slowly (if applicable).  

- **Weight changes:** [e.g., recent loss or gain]

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### **Nursing Diagnoses**

1. **Imbalanced Nutrition:** More than body requirements related to poor dietary choices as evidenced by elevated blood glucose levels.

2. **Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose Levels:** Related to insufficient knowledge of diabetes management.

3. **Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity:** Related to decreased sensation and poor circulation.

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### **Goals and Expected Outcomes**

**Short-Term Goals:**

1. The patient will demonstrate understanding of diabetes management, including medication and diet, within one week.

2. Blood glucose levels will be maintained within the target range (e.g., 70-130 mg/dL fasting) during the hospital stay.

3. The patient will verbalize two strategies to prevent skin complications within 48 hours.

**Long-Term Goals:**

1. HbA1c levels will decrease to below 7% within three months.

2. The patient will maintain healthy dietary and exercise habits to support blood sugar control.

3. The patient will demonstrate proper foot care to prevent complications.

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### **Interventions and Rationale**

#### **1. Monitor Blood Glucose Levels**

- **Intervention:** Check blood glucose levels as ordered (e.g., before meals and bedtime).

- **Rationale:** Regular monitoring helps evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment plan and identify hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.

#### **2. Educate on Diabetes Management**

- **Intervention:** Provide education on proper insulin administration, oral medications, and the importance of adherence to prescribed treatments.

- **Rationale:** Knowledge empowers the patient to manage their condition effectively and prevent complications.

#### **3. Promote Dietary Changes**

- **Intervention:** Collaborate with a dietitian to create a diabetes-friendly meal plan.

- **Rationale:** Proper nutrition plays a critical role in blood sugar management.

#### **4. Encourage Physical Activity**

- **Intervention:** Suggest moderate exercises, such as walking, for at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week.

- **Rationale:** Regular physical activity improves insulin sensitivity and helps lower blood glucose levels.

#### **5. Skin and Foot Care**

- **Intervention:** Inspect skin and feet daily for any signs of sores, redness, or wounds. Teach the patient proper foot hygiene.

- **Rationale:** Early detection and care can prevent complications like infections and ulcers.

#### **6. Address Psychosocial Needs**

- **Intervention:** Assess the patient’s emotional state and coping mechanisms. Offer support or refer to a counselor if needed.

- **Rationale:** Diabetes management can be overwhelming, and emotional support is essential to ensure compliance.

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### **Evaluation**

1. Blood glucose levels are consistently within the target range.

2. The patient verbalizes understanding of diabetes management, including diet, medication, and exercise.

3. The patient demonstrates proper foot care and reports any changes in skin condition promptly.

4. HbA1c levels show improvement at follow-up app

ointments.

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**Signature:**  

[Name of Nurse]  

[Title/Designation]  

[Date]