Nursing care plan for a patient experiencing **Myocardial Infarction (MI)**:
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### **Nursing Care Plan for Myocardial Infarction**
#### **Patient Details**
- **Name:** [Patient Name]
- **Age/Sex:** [Patient Age/Sex]
- **Diagnosis:** Myocardial Infarction
- **Date:** [Date]
### **Assessment **
#### **Subjective Findings**:
- Patient describes chest pain as "crushing" or "tight," possibly radiating to the left arm or jaw.
- Reports experiencing shortness of breath, nausea, and fatigue.
#### **Objective Findings**:
- Increased cardiac enzymes (e.g., Troponin, CK-MB).
- Abnormal ECG results (e.g., ST-elevation, T-wave inversion).
- Vital signs: Blood pressure [e.g., 140/90 mmHg], Heart rate [e.g., 110 bpm], Respiratory rate [e.g., 24 bpm].
- Observations of excessive sweating, and pale or clammy skin.
### **Nursing Diagnoses**
1. **Decreased Cardiac Output** due to impaired heart contractility, indicated by abnormal ECG and elevated cardiac enzymes.
2. **Acute Pain** linked to myocardial ischemia, as reported by the patient.
3. **Risk for Impaired Tissue Perfusion** related to diminished blood supply to the myocardial tissue.
4. **Anxiety** stemming from a medical emergency and fear of mortality.
### **Objectives and Anticipated Outcomes**
1. **Decreased Cardiac Output**:
- Patient will show adequate cardiac output, indicated by stable vital signs and improved signs of perfusion (e.g., warm skin, strong peripheral pulses).
2. **Acute Pain**:
- Patient will report a pain level of ≤3 on a scale of 0–10 within 30 minutes post-intervention.
3. **Risk for Impaired Tissue Perfusion**:
- Patient will maintain proper tissue perfusion, as shown by normal skin color and temperature, with no signs of cyanosis.
4. **Anxiety**:
- Patient will express reduced anxiety and demonstrate effective coping strategies.
### **Nursing Interventions**
#### **1. Decreased Cardiac Output**
- Regularly monitor vital signs, ECG, and cardiac enzyme levels.
- Administer ordered medications (e.g., nitrates, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors) to enhance cardiac performance.
- Position the patient in a semi-Fowler’s position to lessen cardiac strain.
#### **2. Acute Pain**
- Provide oxygen therapy as prescribed to improve oxygenation to the myocardium.
- Administer prescribed analgesics (e.g., morphine sulfate) for pain management.
- Advise the patient to avoid activities that could worsen the chest pain.
#### **3. Risk for Impaired Tissue Perfusion**
- Observe for signs of inadequate perfusion (e.g., cyanosis, decreased urine output).
- Administer anticoagulants and thrombolytics as deemed necessary to enhance blood flow.
- Educate the patient about the significance of adhering to medications and lifestyle changes for improved circulation.
#### **4. Anxiety**
- Clearly explain all procedures and treatments to alleviate fears.
- Encourage relaxation techniques (e.g., deep breathing, guided imagery).
- Provide emotional support and involve the patient’s family or support system.
### **Evaluation**
1. **Decreased Cardiac Output**:
- Patient exhibits stable vital signs with no indications of reduced perfusion.
2. **Acute Pain**:
- Patient experiences pain relief within 30 minutes of interventions.
3. **Risk for Impaired Tissue Perfusion**:
- Patient shows adequate tissue perfusion (e.g., normal skin color and capillary refill).
4. **Anxiety**:
- Patient articulates reduced anxiety and remains composed during care.
Customize this care plan according to the individual needs of your patient.
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